There
was phenomenal growth in school education infrastructure
during the past 3 decades. Schooling has been conducted
in three different stages - primary, secondary and higher
secondary. In Kerala, there were 12,310 schools in 1999-2000
having 6726 lower primary (LP) schools, 2968 upper primary
(UP) schools and 2580 high schools. Kerala schools posses
better physical and basic facilities compared to those in
other parts of India. 83% of schools are housed in proper
buildings 84% of Government schools have drinking water
facilities and 85% have urinals / latrine facilities.
Schools
under Different Tiers of Local Self Govt. Institutions 2000
| Sl.No |
Local
Body |
No. of Institutions Transferred |
| |
|
LP |
UP |
HS |
Total |
| 1 |
Corporations |
288 |
144 |
219 |
651 |
| 2 |
Municipalities |
457 |
207 |
268 |
932 |
| 3 |
District
Panchayats |
- |
2615 |
2109 |
4724 |
| 4 |
Block
Panchayat |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| 5 |
Grama
Panchayats |
6003 |
- |
- |
- |
| |
Total |
6748 |
2966 |
2596 |
12310 |
Enrolment
of Girl Students
Kerala
has achieved near-equality in school enrolment with regard
to gender. Girl students outnumber boys the high school
stage. Girl students in schools constituted 49.1% of all
students.
Primary
Education
Primary
Education consists of 2 levels, lower primary (Std I - IV)
and Upper Primary (std V to VII). This comprises the biggest
segment of the states education system. Almost every village
has more than five primary schools. There are 6,726 lower
primary and 2,968 upper primary schools. Of the primary
schools 61.07% are private aided, 2.98% are private unaided
and 35.95% are government schools.
DPEP
A
centrally sponsored scheme, DPEP is a major multi - facted
programme seeking to overhand and reconstruct primary education
as a whole in selected educationally backward districts.
Its emphasis is on decentralized planning and management
as well as community participation. The programme was introduced
in the districts of Malappuram, Wayanad and Kasargod in
December 1994.
Secondary
Education
A
substantial increase of secondary schools was found in Kerala,
i.e.., during 1996-97 there were 2,580 secondary schools
as against 895 in 1960-61. These include 975 Government
schools (37.67%), 1,400 private aided schools (54.1%) and
213 private unaided schools (8.23%).
| Number
of Schools in Kerala - Government Schools |
| 1991-92 |
2565
|
898 |
425
|
960 |
826 |
963 |
| 1992-93 |
2565 |
898
|
425
|
960 |
826
|
963 |
| 1993-94 |
2520 |
898 |
424 |
959 |
828
|
967
|
| 1994-95 |
2520 |
901
|
386
|
958 |
837
|
975
|
| 1995-96
|
2521 |
902
|
406 |
960
|
836
|
976 |
| 1996-97 |
2521 |
895
|
415
|
961
|
667 |
975
|
| 1997-98 |
2516 |
893
|
432
|
962 |
834 |
976
|
| 1998-99 |
2555
|
901 |
434
|
962 |
835
|
976
|
| 1999-2000
|
2552 |
899 |
436
|
959
|
838
|
979
|
Note:
Besides there are seven schools for the Handicapped and 38
T.T.Is in the State.
Source: Directorate of Public Instruction, Thiruvananthapuram.
| Number
of Schools in Kerala-Private Aided Schools |
| 1991-92 |
4067 |
1293
|
173
|
1883
|
1034
|
1380 |
| 1992-93 |
4067 |
1293
|
173 |
1883
|
1034 |
1380
|
| 1993-94 |
4045 |
1293 |
169
|
1880
|
1032 |
1379
|
| 1994-95 |
4041
|
1288 |
168 |
1876 |
1034
|
1380
|
| 1995-96
|
4040 |
1287
|
170 |
1875
|
1038 |
1394
|
| 1996-97 |
4039
|
1280 |
184 |
1873 |
985 |
1395
|
| 1997-98 |
4041 |
1285
|
159 |
1870
|
1028
|
1399
|
| 1998-99 |
4039 |
1279
|
191 |
1871 |
1040
|
1394
|
| 1999-2000
|
4035
|
1279
|
191
|
1873 |
1043
|
1397
|
Note:
Besides there are 5 Anglo Indian High Schools, 23 schools
for the Handicapped, 63 T.T.Is and one Anglo-Indian
T.T.I in the State.
Source: Directorate of Public Instruction, Thiruvananthapuram.
| Number
of Schools in Kerala - Unaided Schools |
| 1991-92 |
151 |
46 |
63
|
92
|
109
|
129 |
| 1992-93 |
147
|
45
|
63
|
88
|
109
|
129
|
| 1993-94 |
137
|
44 |
63
|
80 |
111
|
129 |
| 1994-95 |
133 |
45 |
59 |
78
|
110 |
131
|
| 1995-96
|
167 |
43
|
85
|
129 |
68
|
203
|
| 1996-97 |
166
|
53
|
90
|
134 |
113 |
210
|
| 1997-98 |
160 |
44 |
97 |
1312
|
160 |
217
|
| 1998-99 |
161 |
61 |
105
|
133
|
171 |
215
|
| 1999-2000
|
161 |
61
|
105
|
134
|
171 |
220
|
Note:
Besides there are 3 Anglo-Indian H.S. and 3 schools
for the Handicapped in the State.
Source: Directorate of Public Instruction, Thiruvananthapuram.
| Progress
of Education Institutions from 1961-62 to 1999-2000 |
| 1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| 1961-62
|
629 |
1985 |
6745
|
9359
|
| 1962-63
|
1015
|
2285
|
6904
|
10204 |
| 1963-64 |
1020
|
2285
|
6914 |
10219 |
| 1964-65 |
1146
|
2428
|
6930
|
10504
|
| 1965-66
|
1151 |
2447 |
6954
|
10552
|
| 1966-67
|
1278
|
2475
|
6933 |
10684
|
| 1967-68 |
1292
|
2479
|
6940
|
10711
|
| 1968-69
|
1381
|
2535
|
6917 |
10833
|
| 1969-70
|
1382
|
2532
|
6928 |
10842
|
| 1970-71 |
1384
|
2543 |
6895 |
10822
|
| 1971-72 |
1393
|
2551
|
6895
|
10839
|
| 1972-73 |
1399 |
2550 |
6887 |
10786
|
| 1973-74 |
1404
|
2548
|
6904
|
10856
|
| 1974-75 |
1488 |
2588 |
6975 |
11051
|
| 1975-76 |
1521
|
2606
|
6975
|
11102
|
| 1976-77
|
1666
|
2718
|
6995
|
11379
|
| 1977-78 |
1675
|
2718 |
6995
|
11379 |
| 1978-79
|
1680
|
2739
|
6970
|
11389
|
| 1979-80 |
1680
|
2739
|
6970
|
11389 |
| 1980-81 |
1976 |
2753
|
6861
|
11590
|
| 1981-82
|
2075
|
2779 |
5811 |
11665
|
| 1982-83
|
2154 |
2763 |
6817 |
11734
|
| 1983-84 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
| 1984-85 |
2397 |
2856 |
6848 |
12101 |
| 1985-86
|
2122 |
2852 |
6396 |
11670
|
| 1986-87
|
2430
|
2884
|
6828 |
12142
|
| 1987-88 |
2431 |
2885 |
6819 |
12135
|
| 1988-89 |
-- |
-- |
6819 |
-- |
| 1989-90 |
2430 |
2892 |
6813
|
12135
|
| 1990-91
|
2452
|
2915 |
6767
|
12134
|
| 1991-92 |
2472
|
2935 |
6783 |
12190
|
| 1992-93
|
2472 |
2931
|
6779 |
12182
|
| 1993-94
|
2475
|
2920
|
6702 |
12027
|
| 1995-96 |
2573
|
2964
|
6728 |
12265
|
| 1996-97
|
2580
|
2968
|
6726 |
12274
|
| 1997-98
|
2592
|
2964 |
6717 |
12273
|
| 1998-99 |
2585 |
2966
|
6755 |
12306
|
| 1999-2000 |
2596
|
2966 |
6748
|
12310
|
Source:
DPI, Thiruvananthapuram.
Higher Secondary Education There are 931 higher secondary
schools (HSS) of which 417 are in government sector, 506
in aided sector and 8 in unaided sector. The H.S.S intake
increased from 20,092 in 1997 to 1,65,600 in 2000. Girl
students constitutes 58%. In 1997-98 pre-degree courses
in 26 Government colleges have been de linked and higher
secondary courses have been sanctioned in 103 government
schools.
| Higher
Secondary Schools in Kerala (1994 to 2000) |
| Year |
Government |
Aided |
Unaided |
Total |
| Till
1994 |
49 |
33 |
2 |
84 |
| 1995 |
- |
- |
6 |
6 |
| 1996 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| 1997 |
101 |
1 |
- |
102 |
| 1998 |
106 |
226 |
4 |
336 |
| 1999 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| 2000 |
161 |
246 |
-4 |
403 |
| Total |
417 |
506 |
8 |
931 |
Note:
4 Nos. of unaided HSS started as per directions of Hon'ble
High Court during 1998 have been converted into Aided HSS
in 2000.
| Intake
of Students under Higher Secondary (plus Two) Courses
- XI and XII Standard |
| |
First
Year |
Second
Year |
| Year |
Boys
|
Girls
|
Total |
Boys
|
Girls |
Total |
| 1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
| 1995-96 |
2572 |
3354
|
5926
|
1947
|
2576
|
4523 |
| 1996-97
|
2351 |
3690 |
6041 |
2572 |
3354 |
5926
|
| 1997-98 |
8719 |
11373 |
20092 |
2351
|
3690
|
6041
|
| 1998-99 |
28184 |
34644 |
62828
|
8719
|
11373
|
20092
|
| 1999-2000 |
29772 |
40799 |
70571 |
28184 |
34644 |
62828
|
| 2000-2001
|
69552
|
96048 |
165600 |
29772
|
40799
|
70571
|
Source:
Directorate of Higher Secondary Education, Thiruvananthapuram
| Subject-wise
Annual Intake of Students in
Higher Secondary Schools - 2000 |
| Sl.No. |
Subject |
Boys
|
Girls
|
Total |
| 1 |
Science |
40173 |
55477
|
95650
|
| 2 |
Humanities
|
15133
|
20897 |
36030
|
| 3 |
Commerce
|
14246
|
19674
|
33920 |
| Total |
69552
|
96048
|
165600
|
Source:Directorate
of HSE, Thiruvananthapuram
| Intake
of Students under Higher Secondary (plus Two)
Courses - XI and XII Standard |
| 1 |
Civil construction |
26 |
| 2 |
Maintenance
and Repairs of Two Wheelers &Three Wheelers |
12
|
| 3 |
Maintenance and Repairs of Automobiles |
9 |
| 4 |
Maintenance and Repairs of Radio and Television |
72 |
| 5 |
Maintenance and Repairs of Domestic Appliances |
53
|
| 6 |
|
